Boiler comparison
Fuel price → cost per kWh of heat by boiler type
Tariffs
True heat cost = fuel price / (calorific value × efficiency). A heat pump multiplies electricity by COP 3–4 — cheapest heat, but capital is 200–400k UAH. Gas is 2×+ cheaper than electricity at current tariffs. Pellets are mid-range, firewood depends on cut quality. Adjust prices to your tariffs.
Heat cost
1. Gas0.90 грн/кВт·год · 10 758 грн
2. Heat pump1.23 грн/кВт·год · 14 811 грн
3. Firewood1.43 грн/кВт·год · 17 143 грн
4. Pellets1.96 грн/кВт·год · 23 529 грн
5. Electric4.36 грн/кВт·год · 52 364 грн