Cognitive biases
Thinking-bias reference with examples
Reference (8)
Seeking only facts supporting your position
→ State what would change your mind
'Already invested so much — must see it through'
→ Decide on the future only; the past can't be recovered
First price/number frames the deal ('was 5000')
→ Assess value independent of the first number
Studying winners while ignoring thousands of failures
→ Ask: how many did the same and lost?
Beginner confident after a week; expert sees complexity
→ Early confidence ≠ competence
Fearing plane crashes, not cars — because of news
→ Check statistics, not the vivid example
Losing 100 hurts more than gaining 100 feels good
→ Assess risk symmetrically
'Everyone's buying — must be fine'
→ Popularity ≠ correctness
Biases aren't stupidity — they're brain efficiency: heuristics work 95% of the time and fail on the important 5%. Defense isn't 'knowing them all' but having a checklist for big decisions: money, work, relocation. Filter question: 'what would change my mind?'