European campsites

ADAC standards, quality sanitary facilities; wild camping banned almost everywhere, off-campsite parking — fines.

Large municipal camping network — cheap; in high season book weeks ahead.

Coast expensive and packed in summer; inland cheaper. Wild camping technically banned, tolerated off-season.

Norway/Sweden: right to roam — wild pitching legal (except private/protected). Expensive groceries.

Poland/Czechia/Ukraine — cheap basic campsites; wild camping grey zone: banned in forests and reserves.

Switzerland/Austria/Italy mountains — most expensive; many close outside summer season.