Seasonal generation
Real solar output by month
kWh/mo
Jan
252
Feb
405
Mar
675
Apr
945
May
1 170
Jun
1 260
Jul
1 215
Aug
1 080
Sep
810
Oct
495
Nov
270
Dec
198
Ukraine coefficients: peak June–July (1.3–1.4× average), minimum December–January (0.2–0.3×). In winter a 10 kW plant yields only ~60–90 kWh/mo — autonomy needs a battery plus a backup generator.