Leave No Trace
The seven Leave No Trace principles: how to hike without leaving traces
7 LNT principles
1. Plan ahead
Knowing the rules, weather, and group size is half of eco-friendliness. Small groups (≤8) trample less. In high season — use established sites, not wild ones.
2. Travel on durable surfaces
Trail, rock, gravel, dry grass. Meadow and moss are destroyed by one group pass. Camp on already-trampled ground, not pristine.
3. Dispose of waste properly
Pack it in, pack it out — all waste leaves with you, including organics (peels take months). Toilet — a 15–20 cm cathole 60+ m from water; toilet paper goes out with you.
4. Leave what you find
Rocks, plants, artifacts — don't take them. Don't dig trenches around tents (obsolete practice). Don't break branches for bedding.
5. Minimise fire impact
A gas stove instead of a fire where possible. Fire — in an existing fire ring; wood — deadfall, not living trees. Afterward — scatter cooled ashes, camouflage the site.
6. Respect wildlife
Keep distance from animals, never feed them (human food = disease and aggression). Food in dry bags; at camp — hung or in a canister against bears and rodents.
7. Respect others
Quiet after 22:00, camp off the trail, distance from water and other camps. Mountain rule: those going uphill have priority.
Leave No Trace is the international standard for outdoor ethics. The essence: nature should look as if you were never there. In reserves and national parks these principles are enforceable rules — with fines.