Carrier's glossary
CMR, TIR, cabotage, Incoterms, vignette, tachograph, bill of lading — logistics terms
Carrier's glossary
CMR:
International consignment note — proves the carriage contract and cargo acceptance; 3–4 copies.
TIR Carnet:
Customs transit document — transit without clearing at every border, under seals.
Cabotage:
Haulage inside a foreign country by a foreign carrier — in the EU limited to 3 operations/7 days after unloading.
Incoterms:
Cost/risk split rules: EXW (collected at seller), DAP/DDP (delivered to buyer/with duties), FCA, CIF.
Vignette:
Time-based road payment (days/month) — unlike km-based toll systems.
Tachograph:
Driver time recorder: 4.5 h driving → 45 min break; 9 h/day, 56 h/week.
Bill of lading (B/L):
Sea document of title; the road equivalent is CMR.
Forwarder:
Transport organizer; liable for carrier choice, documents, may assume carrier liability.
Franco/free:
Delivery terms: franco buyer's warehouse = delivered; franco rail/truck — to the transport.
Pallet norm:
EUR pallet 120×80 cm, up to ~1.5 t, 33 places in a standard 13.6 m trailer.
Reefer:
Trailer with refrigeration; modes +12..-20°C; food cargo needs sanitary passport.
Receivables:
Customers' debt for haulage; factoring = selling receivables at a discount.