Collateral

• Liquidation value

  70–85% of market: the bank counts a quick sale, not 'listing prices'.

• LTV

  Mortgage: LTV 70–80% — loan ≤ coefficient×liquidation value; cars to 70%, equipment 40–60%.

• What's valued

  Location, liquidity, documents, encumbrances, wear; an 'elite' flat with an illiquid layout — below market.

• Revaluation

  Periodically or on deterioration; value below threshold — the bank demands additional collateral/repayment.

Collateral value is 'what the bank gets in 2 weeks', not 'what it's worth'. The bank's appraiser works for the bank: your collateral's real price to you is the liquidation one.