Choosing, licenses, real range and rules — an orientation guide
Category & license
E-scooter — no license (but traffic rules apply). E-moped up to 4 kW/45 km/h — category AM. E-motorcycle — category A/A1. Check power in documents, not in ads.
Real-world range
Claimed range assumes 20°C, 75 kg, flat road. Winter −30%, hills −20%, high speed −30%. Buy with a ×1.5 buffer over your daily route.
Battery: removable vs built-in
Removable — charge at home without the vehicle, convenient for apartments. Built-in — needs a garage/outlet near the vehicle. 2–4 kWh is typical for the city.
Motor power
City — 1.5–3 kW is enough (60–70 km/h). Highway/two-up — 4 kW+. Nominal vs peak power in specs — ask for nominal.
Helmet & gear
An e-bike at 60 km/h injures like a scooter at 60 km/h. Helmet mandatory, gloves/protection recommended; MTPL insurance for registered vehicles.
Registration & documents
Mopeds above 50cc-equivalent and motorcycles — MVS registration, plate, title. E-scooters aren't registered yet — but watch for legislative changes.
Light electric vehicle legislation is being updated — categories and rules may change. Before buying, check: power in the certificate, license category requirements and registration rules at the MVS service center.