Biopreparations & microfertilizers

Biopreparations: biofungicides (Trichoderma), bioinsecticides (Bt), biostimulants (amino acids, humates). Microfertilizers: Fe, Zn, B, Mo — kilograms vs tonnes of minerals.

Microfertilizers: boron 0.1–0.5 kg/ha AI, zinc 0.5–1 kg/ha, molybdenum 50–100 g/ha on legumes. Biopreparations — per label, dose is critical: underdose = zero effect.

Foliar micro-feeding — in intensive-growth phases. Biofungicides — preventively, not after disease. Biostimulants — under stress: drought, transplanting, post-hail.

Micros add +5–15% yield under deficiency — and zero at sufficiency. Biopreps are steadier in organic systems. Test on a control strip before scaling.

Not all biopreps mix with chemical CPPs — chemicals kill live organisms. Don't mix micros with phosphates — precipitate. Check the manufacturer's compatibility table.

Micros — $5–20/ha, pay back at +100–200 kg yield. Biopreps cost 20–50% more than chemicals but cut resistance losses. Compute ROI per field.