Measurement errors
Absolute, relative and propagation
Measurements
±
±
Results
δx = 5.00% · δy = 5.00%
x + y = 14 ± 0.7
x · y = 40 ± 4
x / y = 2.5 ± 0.25
Quadrature error of sum (independent): 0.5385
Worst case: absolute errors add for sum/difference, relative errors add for product/quotient. Independent random errors — quadrature: Δ = √(Δx² + Δy²).