Herd structure

Heads by group → calf crop and reproduction forecast

Heads

Milking cows

Dry cows

Heifers (bred)

Young heifers

Calf crop, %

Cull rate/yr, %

Healthy dairy herd structure: milking ~60%, dry ~10%, bred heifers ~15%, young ~15%. Calf crop (calves born per 100 cows) — 85–95% with normal reproduction; below 80% signals fertility problems. Cull rate 25–30%/yr — normal for intensive herds. Replacement heifers must cover culling — a replacement shortage halts expansion.

1-year forecast

Total heads: 205
Calves born: 123
— heifer calves: 62
Culled: −39
Replacements: +60
Herd balance: +21